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Tempered glass manufacturers are classified by shape
1. Tempered glass is classified into flat tempered glass and curved tempered glass according to its shape.
There are generally twelve thicknesses of flat tempered glass, such as 11mm, 12mm, 15mm, and 19mm. The thickness of curved tempered glass comes in eight types, including 11mm, 15mm, 19mm, etc. The specific thickness after processing still depends on the equipment and technology of each manufacturer. However, curved tempered glass has a relatively large curvature limit for each thickness. That is, what is commonly referred to as R, where R is the radius.
2. Tempered glass is classified into flat tempered and curved tempered according to its appearance.
3. Tempered glass is classified by its flatness into: superior products and qualified products. Superior tempered glass is used for automotive windshields. Qualified products are used for architectural decoration.
Tempered glass manufacturers are classified by process
1. Physical tempered glass is also known as quenched tempered glass. Tempered glass is produced by heating ordinary flat glass in a heating furnace to a temperature close to the softening point of the glass (600℃), eliminating internal stress through its own deformation, then removing the glass from the heating furnace, and using multi-head nozzles to blow high-pressure cold air onto both sides of the glass, causing it to cool rapidly and evenly to room temperature. This kind of glass is in a stress state of internal tension and external compression. Once a local area is damaged, the stress will be released and the glass will shatter into countless small pieces. These small fragments have no sharp edges or corners and are less likely to hurt people.
2. Chemical tempered glass is a type of glass that enhances its strength by altering the chemical composition of its surface. Generally, the ion exchange method is applied for tempering. The method involves immersing silicate glass containing alkali metal ions into molten lithium salts, causing the Na+ or K+ ions on the glass surface to exchange with Li+ ions, forming a Li+ ion exchange layer on the surface. Since the expansion coefficient of Li+ is smaller than that of Na+ and K+ ions, during the cooling process, the outer layer shrinks less while the inner layer shrinks more. When cooled to room temperature, the glass is also in a state where the inner layer is under tension and the outer layer is under compression, and the effect is similar to that of physical tempered glass.
Tempered glass manufacturers are classified by the degree of tempering
1. Tempered glass: Degree of tempering =2-4N/cm, surface stress α of tempered glass for glass curtain walls ≥95Mpa;
2. Semi-tempered glass: Tempering degree =2N/cm, surface stress of semi-tempered glass for glass curtain walls 24Mpa≤α≤69Mpa;
3. Super tempered glass: Tempering degree >4N/cm.
